A suspected ransomware affiliate is posing as a ransomware recovery service called "Ransom Busters," contacting victims before the attacks become public and claiming it can provide decryption keys and delete stolen data for a fee.
GuidePoint Security's Research and Intelligence Team (GRIT) disclosed this activity after responding to several recent ransomware attacks in which victims received emails from Ransom Busters offering to help recover from the attack.
The messages were suspicious because they were sent to victims before the attacks became public, raising questions about how they knew about the cyberattacks in the first place.
Ransom Busters claimed it exploited vulnerabilities in administrative panels used by ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operations, giving it access to encryption keys and data stolen from victims.
The group offered to delete the stolen data from ransomware servers, including those belonging to DragonForce, Settra, and Anubis, for between $20,000 and $60,000.
However, evidence from two incidents leads GRIT to believe Ransom Busters is likely not a true recovery firm, but the ransomware affiliate responsible for the attacks.
In both cases, the attackers used the same software, including SoftPerfect Network Scanner, s5cmd, and the Remotely remote monitoring tool. They also utilized the same tactics, including creating a local backdoor account using the password 'Numlock!123' and the same attacker-controlled hostname, 'DESKTOP-BBETH6K'.
GRIT says it observed overlapping activity across multiple RaaS operations and believes, with moderate confidence, that Ransom Busters is a single ransomware affiliate using its access to steal ransom payments from the ransomware gangs it works with.
GRIT told BleepingComputer that it has not seen any victims pay Ransom Busters and discourages victims from doing so. However, in one incident involving Ransom Busters, the victim instead paid the RaaS operation behind the attack.
The researchers say the victim's name and stolen data were not published on the ransomware operation's data leak site, and they found no evidence that Ransom Busters leaked the stolen data outside the RaaS environment.
Ransomware negotiation firm Coveware confirmed to BleepingComputer that they too recently responded to at least one incident where the same group or individual contacted a victim.
"This third party contacted the victim via email and claimed to have access to both the decryption key and the stolen data," Elizabeth Cookson, Senior Director of IR at Coveware, told BleepingComputer.
Coveware says it has encountered similar "middlemen" using other names as far back as 2024, but says this activity is distinct from the typical "ambulance chasers" who contact victims only after their attacks have been publicly disclosed.
"This type of interference on a non-public incident is much more concerning," Lizzie told BleepingComputer.
Coveware says interference from a rogue party with access to stolen data increases risk for victims, as paying the ransomware operation may no longer ensure that everyone with access to the data will honor an agreement not to leak it.
The company believes increased distrust within Ransomware-as-a-Service operations could lead to more of this behavior, as affiliates attempt to generate additional profits outside of normal revenue-sharing arrangements with ransomware operators.
BleepingComputer has also previously warned that third-party ransomware recovery services create forum accounts and privately contact victims who publicly disclose ransomware infections, claiming they can decrypt affected files.
However, those services generally approached publicly known victims, while Ransom Busters' knowledge of non-public incidents is far more concerning.
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